Wednesday, 4 July 2012

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What is emu and emu farming? Why should we take it up?

Emu belongs to the ratite family of birds. These birds can thrive under varying climatic conditions wherever poultry can be reared. They are omnivorous and eat leaves, vegetables, fruits, insects, worms. And about 96% of the bird’s parts are usable.
Recognizing the economic importance of these birds, Australian Government in 1975 started domesticating these birds, that were living in the forest, by establishing big emu farms.
In early eighties, emu farming activity started spreading in America, France and other European countries too. It is reported that there are about 10,000 Emu farms in America. The emu farming practice has also spread to China, Japan, Malaysia and Korea.
In India, we need to diversify to such other species of poultry in order to reap more profits as diversification is the key to success in any enterprise. Emu farming is now emerging as a promising economic activity in India. 

About Emu

Emu, native to Australia, is stated to be the second-largest living member of the ratite family of flightless birds.
The demand for emu is said to be growing as the bird has "100 per cent utility' in terms of market value.
Its meat, skin and oil command a high market value.
The chick survival rate is high since no diseases have been diagnosed as common to the species.
From about 10 inches at birth, a fully-grown emu could be six-foot tall and weigh 45 to 50 kg. It can adapt well to different temperatures and lives on a simple diet but drinks plenty of water. The typical emu feed is essentially a maize-based combination, and each bird eats about 800 grams - 1 kg a day.
An emu may start laying eggs as early as 18 months. However, egg laying normally begins at two to three years and continues till 26 to 35 years. The bird's lifespan is about 40 years. It needs 49 to 54 days of incubation. The emu's meat is also in demand and is sold for Rs. 450-550 a kg.
Uses of oil
Quoting reports from abroad and a few individuals who have used emu oil (sold at Rs. 400 for 100 ml), he says that the oil is highly effective for arthritis, muscle and joint pain/injuries and acts as a moisturiser. Its skin, especially from the leg region is strong and soft and can be used for leather products and in the fashion industry.
 

    The Emu Eggs          

    The color of the eggs range from a medium green to a dark green (almost black) with some having a very smooth glasslike texture.

    An average egg weigh between 600 and 700 grams when laid.
    The eggs are edible consisting of approximately 10 chicken eggs. The egg is mostly yolk but has a much milder flavor than other poultry. It is excellent when used in cooking.

    Unfertile eggs are blown for crafters. Engraving is possible as the outer layer of shell is green, the next layer is a light blue and the inside layer is white. This is demonstrated in this picture below

    Eggs can also be used in an art form known as filigree. This is where a pattern is cut entirely thru the shell. Makes a nice nightlight.

    
    The oil is rendered from the fat of the emu, collected mainly from the back and the rump. Each emu can yield an average of 5 to 6 liters of deep-penetrating natural oil. This complex, primitive oil properly rendered is non-toxic, anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory. It is an excellent moisturizer and emollient, soothing and softening the skin.
    Long known for its healing and penetrating properties, emu oil is well suited for cosmetic and pharmaceuticals. For thousands of years, the Aborigines have used the oil in the treatment of muscle aches, sore joints, inflammation, and swelling. Today the oil can be found from the family medicine cabinet to the professional sports training room.
    Emu oil helps to build healthy skin, and, in burn creams, helps to calm the tissue beneath burned skin and restore elasticity. Additional oil applications include  skin and hair care product, sunscreens and pet care products.
    Emu Oil Miracles

    Emu Leather


    Emu leather is an exceptionally durable, beautifully detailed, very supple, breathable leather perfect for designer apparel, handbags, boots, and other accessories.

    One hundred percent of the emu body hide has an attractive full-quilled pattern. The surface visually shimmers due to the raised imprints left from the feather follicle structure.

    Emu leather has the ability to accept and enhance any color dye. Fashion designers find the skin from the legs a suitable substitute for certain hides from endangered species because of the wonderful reptilian texture.




    Emu Feathers

       The feathers on the emu are unique in the fact that there are two feathers to a single quill. Used in crafts, clothing accents, jewelry, and even pillows these feathers have a variety of uses.

    Emu Meat

    Emu meat  is pulpy and has98 % fatty acid with low cholesterol. It contain creatin & phosphorescent and useful for eating. Emu meat is dark red in colors and has 5.5 pH value. The taste of Emu meat is delicious as its thigh muscles is an excellent alternative of beef as per tastes texture. Emu meat has high protein content & less calories & sodium. It contains more vitamin C as compare to other meat but it has 4 times less calories as compare to beef. Low fat beef accepts most seasoning meat respond well to sweet marinades made with honey, soya sauce, ginger, lemon juice & garlic. Following are the constituents of Emu meat:

    • Proteins: 8.4gms
    • Fats: 4.7gms
    • Saturated Fats: 25%
    • Cholesterol: 87mg
    • Iron: 5.0mg
    • Calories: 164 kcal
    • Copper: 0.24mg
    • Sodium: 65mg
    • Magnesium: 28.7mg
    • Manganese: 0.030mg
    • Phosphorous: 269mg
    • Potassium: 375mg
    • Selenium: 44mcg
    • Zinc: 4.6mg
    • Folic acid: 9.0mcg
    • Vitamin B12: 8.5mcg
    • Thiamin: 0.32mg
    • Niasin: 8.9mg
    • Riboflavin: 0.55mg
    

    BUSINESS

    Emu Farming industry in India is very well setup particularly in South India. Majority of Emu Farms are present in Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh. Emu farming is still new to North Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. There are a lot of websites out there that might give you false figures about starting your own Emu Farm. Emu Birds require a lot of care and attention with a good and nutritive feed. There are many Emu Farms out there that do not vaccinate their emu birds or provide them with poultry feed instead of proper Emu feed. This kind of practice is very prevalent all over the country which has led to a very extreme depreciation in the quality of Emu Birds in India.
    Required Land Area
    Emu Bird in Indian conditions can grow up to 5 Feet tall and weigh about 50 Kg. It is very important to have ample of space for the Emu Birs to play and exercise. The recommended space requirements for proper growth, development and health of the Emu Bird are:
    Space required
    (One Emu Bird)      
    200 sq. feet
    Space for Emu activity (One Emu Bird)100 sq. feet
    Total Space Required for One Emu Bird300 sq. feet


    If you want to breed 10 pairs of Emu Birds, the total area required would be about 6000 sq. feet. This area includes the living space and the activity area for the emu. Please make sure that you have adequate land for the proper maintenance your Emu Birds.
    Infrastructure Cost
    Infrastructure is one of the most important things that is required for successful breeding and Emu Farming in India. Although these birds are very rugged and immune to various diseases, they still require a good infrastructure. You need to make sure that you have the following structures ready before you can breed emu birds at your farm :
    • Shelter for the emu birds (200sq. feet per emu)
    • Large activity area (100sq. feet per emu)
    • Availability of fresh water
    • Availability of fresh feed
    Feed
    To breed healthy and good quality emu birds you need to provide them with appropriate feed. The feed should be purchased from a trusted company which can provide you with all the nutritional supplements that your emu birds require. For proper growth and development the emu birds require the following nutritional supplements in their feed :
    • Vitamins : A, B12, D & E
    • Amino Acids : Lysine, Methionine, Tryptophan, Threonine
    • Proteins : Crude Protein
    • Minerals : Calcium, Zinc, Manganese, Iodine
    • Fiber : Crude Fibre
    The amount of nutrition will be decided by the vet. Only a qualified doctor can tell you what feed is best for your emu birds. It is not necessary that every bird would require the same amount of nutritional supplements. Lack of proper feed can cause many diseases in your bird.
    Vaccination
    Although emu are very rugged and disease resistant birds, they tend to get infected by certain diseases very rapidly. You should make sure that you hire a good and qualified doctor who can give you the correct advice and vaccinate your emu against all the prevalent diseases in your area. The major diseases associated with emu bird are :
    • Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis
    • Emu Enteritis
    • Malnutrition
    • External and Internal Worms
     Total Cost
    These are the approximate cost for setting up an Emu Farm in India. This cost table does not include the price of land. Older birds and proven emu breeder pair cost more. This costing table is for a startup farm with no infrastructure at all.
    Cost of 10 Pair (3 Month Old birds)3,00,000
    Cost of Fencing (10 pairs)1,00,000
    Cost of feed for 2 Years (10 pairs)1,00,000
    Cost for Hatchery2,00,000
    Other Costs1,00,000
    Total Cost Of Setting Up Emu Farm8,00,000


    Various websites claim that starting costs of an emu farm are about Rs 4 lacs. This value is highly incorrect as there are a lot of overhead expenses and labor expenses involved. The above table is just an approximation.





      
    











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    Frequently Asked Questions

        Is EMU farming legal?
       Yes, EMU farming is legal. It is clarified by the chief conservator of forest that emu is an exotic bird and it has not been included in any of schedule of wildlife(protection) act 1972. The provision of wildlife protection act 1972 and rules made there under are not applicable for these birds. As such no permission from forest department is necessary for rearing, farming and selling of these birds.
      How much of initial investment is required?
    You can start Emu farming with min of 10 Pairs of emus. You can start with a minimum of 3 lakh investment.
     How long is the life span of an EMU bird?
    Emu can live for up to 35 to 40 years.
    After it attains an age of 5 year, it lays eggs between 40 and 60.
     What kind of climate is preferred for EMU?
    Emu birds can adapt to any climate.
     How resistant are emu birds to diseases?
      EMU birds have very good immune system and are not bourne to diseases. We also provide medicines in food which would keep them more stronger.
     What is the nature of Emu birds?
     They are very friendly in nature.
     Do you undertake any contract in setting up of farm and getting the birds?
     Yes we do take contract and set up the farm.
    

    Contact Us



    +91-9410479475
    Admin. Office:
    GLOBAL EMU FARMS
    Friends Colony,Rudrapur, Uttarakhand- 263153 INDIA
    Farm Houses :
    1. Global Emu Farms (Franchise)   Kashipur, Udham Singh Nagar
    2. Global Emu Farms (Franchise), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001
    E-mail: 

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